Programs

Pediatric Nephrology, a specialty focused on kidney diseases, bladder, and urinary tract conditions in children, has been practiced by nephrologists in Iran since 1966. These specialists cater to children suffering from various types of kidney and urinary tract diseases. Since 1990, there has been an initiative to train specialists specifically in Pediatric Nephrology. Currently, four centers in Iran are offering training for aspiring pediatric nephrology assistants. These include the Children's Medical Center Hospital and Ali Asghar Children's Hospital, both located in Tehran, Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, and Khorshid Children's Hospital in Kermanshah.

Surgery is a medical specialty that focuses on treating various diseases in different parts of the human body using surgical techniques. It encompasses a wide range of areas, including trauma, gastrointestinal diseases, abdominal conditions, neck disorders, endocrine system issues, peripheral vascular diseases, and mammary gland conditions. Surgeons use their expertise to diagnose and treat these conditions, often playing a crucial role in patient recovery and health improvement.

The field you're referring to is neurology, a highly specialized branch of medicine that focuses on the nervous system. Neurologists are trained to diagnose, treat, and manage disorders that affect the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. These disorders can range from common conditions like migraines and epilepsy, to complex and life-threatening diseases like stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Neurologists use a variety of tools for diagnosis, including neuroimaging techniques, electrophysiological tests, and sometimes, genetic testing. Treatment can involve medication, rehabilitation, and in some cases, surgery. The field of neurology is constantly evolving, with ongoing research aimed at improving our understanding of the nervous system and developing new treatments for neurological disorders.

Indeed, for individuals who require contemporary agricultural knowledge but are unable to acquire it from traditional agricultural books, there are specialists who disseminate new scientific discoveries to their audience, tailored to their level of understanding and scientific capability. These professionals are often referred to as agricultural extension engineers. They play a crucial role in promoting and teaching agriculture, bridging the gap between cutting-edge research and practical, on-the-ground application. Their work is vital in ensuring that the latest advancements in agricultural science are accessible and beneficial to all.

Ophthalmology is a medical specialty that focuses on the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the eye, eyelid, and tear ducts. An ophthalmologist is skilled in diagnosing and treating a variety of eye conditions and performing eye surgeries. The human eye can be impacted by various incidents and diseases, including microbial infections, glaucoma, cataracts, trichiasis, and retinal detachment. As ophthalmologists also conduct eye surgeries, this specialty encompasses both medicine and surgery. In Iran, this field is recognized and taught in universities across various cities including Tehran, Tabriz, Rasht, Mashhad, Yazd, Shiraz, Ahvaz, and Kerman.